Enron The Smartest Guys - 1384 Words

Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Organizational Movie Paper Enron Corporation’s failure in the year of 2001 has become a depiction of unethical corporate behavior for years to come. After having watched Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room; I found many organizational communications course concepts could be brought to our attention within the documentary. To further our understanding, I will offer my insight as to how class-related concepts connect with the documentary by discussing how Enron developed strong organizational values by identifying certain heroes and their stories that developed their sense of strong risk taking as well as discussing Enron’s â€Å"rank and yank† system that can be asserted with F.W. Taylor’s work within†¦show more content†¦Although Miller (2014) includes all four key components, I am going to focus attention on the first two, 1. Values are the beliefs and visions that members hold for an organization. 2. Heroes are the individuals who come to exemplify an organization’s values. These heroes become known through the stories and myths of an organization. This theory can be described as a way in which organizational members collectively interpret the organizational world around them in order to define the importance of the organizational happenings. Upon watching the documentary, one could conclude that Enron’s bosses created a culture of pushing limits and taking risks. From the movie, we understand that Jeff Skilling was known to be a nerd as well as others within Enron. It seemed as though Jeff had woken up one day and decided to change himself by wearing contacts instead of glasses, changing is wardrobe, and doing some modeling. As he changed, so did others who worked under him for the fact that they saw Skilling as their hero. With time, it has been noted that Jeff became some sort of tragic figure. He became a man who was radically different than how he portrays himself. It was known that Skilling was a huge risk taker and he often talked about, and then started to manifest in trips that he began to lead with small group s and customers that were often times dangerous. TheseShow MoreRelatedEnron : The Smartest Guy Essay799 Words   |  4 Pagescome to mind would be the bankruptcy of Enron Corporation. If we apply and analyze the skills of a negotiator like Founder and Chairman Kenneth Lay, CEO Jeffery Skilling, and CFO Andrew Fastow it becomes clear how and why the actives of Enron were perpetuated for as long as they were. â€Å"This wasn’t about the numbers Enron was publishing, but rather it was about the people. This was a human tragedy† (Gibney). As expressed in the documentary, â€Å"Enron: The Smartest Guy’s in the Room,† the core issue ofRead MoreEnron, the Smartest Guys in the Room.1229 Words   |  5 PagesEnron, the Smartest Guys in the Room. Enron was involved in American’s largest corporate bankruptcy. It is a story about people, and in reality it is a tragedy. Enron made their stock sky rocket through unethical means, and in reality this company kept losing money. The primary value operating among the traders was greed, money, and how to make profits under any circumstance. The traders thought that a good trader is a creative trader and the creative trader can find any arbitrage opportunityRead MoreEnron Smartest Guys On The Room1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe movie ENRON smartest guys in the room is about one of the biggest corporation corruptions in the United States. In 1985, ENRON Corporation, was a company that delivers pipeline for natural gas and electricity, while mergering with Houston Natural Gas and Internorth. ENRON quickly grew into a reputable company that generated enormous profits. In a short period of time ENRON was considered one of the top global trading company for natural gas, commodities, and electricity. According to the statistic;Read MoreEnron : The Smartest Guys Of The Room Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Enron was a Houston based energy, commodities and services company. When people hear the name Enron they automatically associate their name with one of the biggest accounting and ethical scandals known to date. The documentary, â€Å"Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room,† provides an in depth examination of Enron and the Enron scandal. The film does a wonderful job of depicting the downfall of Enron and how the corporate culture and ethics were key to Enron’s fall. As the movie suggests, Enron is â€Å"notRead MoreEnron: the Smartest Guys in the Room1989 Words   |  8 Pages it took Enron 16 years to go from about $10 billion of assets to $65 billion of assets, and 24 days to go bankruptcy. Enron is also one of the most celebrated business ethics cases in the century. There are so many things that went wrong within the organization, from all personal (prescriptive and psychological approaches), managerial (group norms, reward system, etc.), and organizational (worl d-class culture) perspectives. This paper will focus on the business ethics issues at Enron that wereRead MoreEnron Case : The Smartest Guys Of The Room1149 Words   |  5 Pages In review of the Enron case, executives higher up exploited their privileges and power, participated in unreliable treatment of external and internal communities. These executives placed their own agendas over the employees and public, and neglected to accept responsibility for ethical downfalls or use appropriate management. As a result, employees followed their unethical behavior (Johnson, 2015). Leaders have great influence in an organization, but policies will not be effectiveRead MoreEnron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Essay1889 Words   |  8 PagesThe thing I liked most about this documentary was the fact that it focused on the guys at the top, the self-proclaimed smartest men in the room, the so-called geniuses who knew the energy business so much better than the rest of the indus try. And what a piece of work these men were. Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room shows us how basic human nature does not change, whether its in the easy fall into killing as a means to resolve disputes, or in the incessant human obsession to acquire forRead MoreEnron: the Smartest Guys in the Room Essay1834 Words   |  8 Pagesthis paper is consider three possible rationales for why Enron collapsed—that key individuals were flawed, that the organization was flawed, and that some factors larger than the organization (e.g., a trend toward deregulation) led to Enron’s collapse. In viewing â€Å"Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room† it was clear that all three of these flaws contributed to the demise of Enron, but it was the synergy of their combination that truly let Enron to its ultimate path of destruction. As in any organizationRead MoreEssay on Enron: the Smartest Guys in the Room5209 Words   |  21 Pagesï » ¿Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room The  Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the  bankruptcy  of the  Enron Corporation, an American  energy company based in  Houston, Texas, and the de facto dissolution of  Arthur Andersen, which was one of the  five largest  audit  and accountancy  partnerships  in the world. In addition to being the largest bankruptcy reorganization in American history at that time, Enron was attributed as the biggest audit failure. Enron was formed in 1985 by  KennethRead MoreA Film Review of Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room666 Words   |  3 PagesAbstract This is a review of the movie, Enron: The Smart Guys in the Room. The paper analyses the themes that contributed to the downfall of Enron. It also considers steps that Human Resources would have taken given the chance, in addressing the issues that contributed to the collapse of the Company. Factor That Led To Enrons Downfall According to the documentary Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room, it seems that one major reasons that led to Enrons down fall was; unethical corporate behavior

Microfinance and MicroFranchises A Solution to Poverty

With the rise of the morning sun, most of us awake to a day of possibilities, but for those in extreme poverty daybreak brings only anxiety and despair as they try to survive on little to nothing. Over one billion people are currently living in extreme poverty, unable to fathom a future free from hunger, disease and oppression. Extreme poverty, defined as living on $1.25 a day or less, traps generations into an arduous existence with few opportunities to escape. Helping to eliminate extreme poverty means first understanding that it is possible to provide people with a pathway out and if it is possible, we therefore have the responsibility to do so. Millions die each year as a result of extreme poverty. While few would argue that we†¦show more content†¦This, however, can be a daunting task if the government is riddled with corruption or benefits from the disenfranchisement of certain segments of the population. Goals must clearly be established to reward governments wh o work to uphold human rights and denied to those who do not. For example, if a government wishes to qualify for assistance or debt forgiveness they should be expected to meet certain human rights achievements. As rates of health and education increase, so too do the rates of financial assistance or debt forgiveness. If human rights records are not improved, further funding is denied to those ill performing governments and redirected to community-based programs aimed at improving the well being of its members. Community groups play an invaluable role in alleviating poverty within a region. Creating an alliance with the community allows them to express their ideas, concerns and opinions. It protects against the unforeseen challenges and misused resources that can result if local customs or markets are overlooked as the development plan is formulated. The establishment of these community groups helps to identify and preserve cultural memes and additionally supplies the members with a sense of confidence as they are respected for the contributions they have to offer. Extreme poverty pushes its victims to the outer-perimeters of society, excluding them from local-level decision making and contributing to a sense of powerlessness and

Financial Performance Evaluation of Tesco free essay sample

This project will mainly focus on the business and financial performance of Tesco plc (a supermarket of UK) from year 2009-2011. Through this report and analysis project, we will know the detail of how the company is running and how well or badly the company performed in last 3 years. This will also help shareholders to realize whether and how their agents performed in their interests. The following main elements are included in Introduction section: * 1. 1 Background and Context -why Tesco: Tesco is the largest food retailer in UK, operating around 2,318 stores worldwide. Tesco operates around 1,878 stores throughout the UK, and also operates stores in the rest of Europe and Asia. Tesco. com is a wholly-owned subsidiary offering a complete online service, including tescodirect. com and tesco. net. The company also offers a range of both online and offline personal finance services. Tesco is headquartered in Hertfordshire, UK. For the year ended 26 February 2011 Tesco PLC achieved revenues that totaled ? 60,931million, an increase of 8. % against the previous year’s revenues that were ? 56365million, compared with UK sale growth 5. 5%. Undoubltly Tesco play a key role in UK supermarket industry as well as in world supermarket industry. Also it is worthwhile to be chosen to be analyzed, to some extent it also can be imitated by other supermarket company, e. g. supermarkets in similar internal and external environment, with Tesco, other supermarkets in developing countries. 1. 2 Scope and Objectives This project will cover 2 aspects of performance of Tesco plc: business and financial performance . Business performance includes the impact of mission statement, vision and strategy, management structure on Tesco plc, SWOT and PESTEL analysis of external environmental of Tesco plc, threshold capabilities and distinctive capabilities analysis towards internal environment, and also value chain ,VRIN analysis. Financial performance mainly focus on all kinds of financial statements, it will be analysed through some key performance indicators (KPIs), such as sale growth percentage, ROCE, profit margins, assets utilizations liquidity indicators: gearing, current ratio etc. 1. 3 Achievements What I have achiveved in this project will be based on the detail information of the target company,especially the annual report of the company over last 3 years (2009-2011). At the same time a comparator will be required to compare the performance with Tesco plc. I choose Morrisons as the comparator, through the comparison, it will help Tesco plc to identify the area which need to be improved and how to improve it. 1. 4 Overview of Dissertation This project will include the following main elements: Research: A survey will be include in this project, based on the current awareness of kinds of people to Tesco plc and Morrisons plc. The primary data will be analyzed in the business performance section, through the survey between these two companies, it will give the evidence to the last main section of this project which is Recommendation Analysis: this is the main body of this project, business and financial performance will be analysed in detail using different business model and financial indicators. Similarly comparison between similar companies is vital in this section, especially the information based on the annual report, which include massive information I needed to strength the evidence of my arguments. Conclusion: 3 elements will be included in this section. Summary, Evaluation and future works. Summarise the past performance of target company, Evaluate the current situation of target company, Recommend what’s future work need to implement to cover the shortage. Recommendations: this will continue the future works in last section, but differently, the recommendation will be specific according to the weaknesses of Tesco plc, it will refer to other companies towards the improvement, other companies which do not have significant market share may did well in the weakness area of Tesco plc, in this situation Tesco will also need to se for reference. The remaining of this project will include the reference list and several appendixs. Research: BUSINESS DESCRIPTION Tesco is one of the largest food retailers in the world, operating around 5380 stores and employing over 492,714 people up to 2011. As well as operating in the UK, it has stores in the rest of Europe, Asia and US.. It al so provides online services through its subsidiary, Tesco. com. Tesco set out a strategy to grow the core business and diversify with new products and services in existing and new markets. Tesco sells approximately 40,000 food products in its superstores, as well as clothing and other non-food lines. It was largely a food retailer and it sets itself the challenge of becoming as strong in non-food as in food. As its business has grown and it offers a wider variety of products to customers. It now aims to be as strong in everything it sells as it is in food. It has followed customers into large expanding markets in the UK – such as financial services, general merchandise and telecoms – and new markets abroad, initially in Europe and Asia and more recently in the United States. As well as convenience produce, many stores have gas stations. The company has become one of Britain’s largest petrol independent retailers. Other retailing services offered in the UK include Tesco Personal Finance. As Tesco grows and diversifies, it is able to offer more jobs and broader roles to people in the communities around our stores, depots and offices. This year it has recruited 21,000 people worldwide. One of its People Promises is that it will provide an opportunity to get on. t promises to support and develop our people so that they are able to advance in their careers Its people do a great job for its customers and it wants them to feel valued and rewarded. It also believes that staff rewards should be competitive, simple and sustainable to build trust and loyalty amongst our employees and assist with hiring and retention. It invest in pay and, in the UK,I t has the highest basic pay rates for customer assistants of any major supermarket. All of its staff move to higher rates of pay within a year of joining its business. It works continually to improve service for its customers. It has trained over 80,000 staff this year in Every Little Helps skills for checkouts, supporting them to deliver helpful, friendly and efficient service. It has also opened over 200 new stores in 2010/11, The company recorded revenues of: ?67. 6bn during the financial year end 2011,increase of 8. 1% over 2010. ?62. 5bn during the financial year end 2010,increase of 6. 8% over 2009. The operating profit of the company was: ?3. 8bn,increase of 11. 3% over 2010. ?3. 4bn increase of 8. 9% over 2009. Its Site Research departments in each country direct the property acquisition strategy by identifying optimal locations for new store developments and extensions. This work is underpinned by advanced spatial analysis and a data-led approach that considers our customers, competitors, local market shares and existing store performance. It has exceeded its target of donating at least 1% of pre-tax profits to charities and good causes. In total, this means that it has donated over ? 64 million this year. We have also raised ? 7. 2 million for our UK Charity of the Year,(CLIC Sargent. Building brands enhances the value of our business by benefiting all of its stakeholders, including customers, staff, communities and shareholders. Being viewed positively by its stakeholders supports the creation of a successful, sustainable and profitable long-term business. Having multiple formats – from large shopping malls to Express convenience stores – allows it to fulfil the full range of shopping missions for customers and flexibility to adapt to different local markets and planning regimes. In some cases it also develops mixed-use projects, combining new retail space with residential development on the same site. This enables us to build a store on a desirable site when otherwise it would not be economically viable. As a retail business, it knows that we can make a real difference in tackling climate change – cutting its own emissions, working with suppliers and helping customers to cut their carbon footprint. In its UK business,it has led the work on climate change and for the second year running, it has reduced its absolute emissions – this year by 5% despite space growing by 7% as well as significantly reducing emissions from its baseline portfolio of buildings. Analysis Business performance analysis: Several frameworks can be used to analyze the business performance, here I will focus on the SWOT,PESTEL and VALUE CHAIN analysis. SWOT Analysis A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of Tesco has been provided below. Strength Tesco has lots of strengths that have make it to be successful UK. They have a simple but effective brand image which plays a key role in development of Tesco plc, also any large operating company should pay attention to it. Using of technology is a strength to Tesco. The internet is used,so customers can buy their products online, which is quick and sufficient. The choice of locations is a big strength. Tesco was launched in the UK in 1924 and has since grown to support over 2,000 stores nationally (Tesco, 2009). They are good at setting stores up in sufficient areas and almost have a store in all major townsand cities in UK.. Drawing upon Datamonitor (2010), Tesco was ranked third largest grocery retail company in the world, running over 4,331 stores primarily within the USA, Europe and Asia. Tesco’s strategy focus on product affordability in orser to ensure that customers get the product within their budget ,at the same the good quality is also maintained. Customer retention strategy have been proven by its loyalty scheme called ‘ Tesco Clubcard’ . Drawing upon DunnHumby (2008), the company collected data using clubcard and these information is used for effective direct marketing and other promotional techniques. Tesco have also expanded into different market and it has been proved successful. Such as food and accessories, mobile phone services insurance, and home ware. Expanding has made them more competitive and because of the customers strong brand loyalty, they may stay with Tesco with the different services they provide. The company holds the largest market share in the grocery market in the UK. Tescos innovation and attitudes towards its emplloyeeshas made it successful The company held 30. 7% share of the UK grocery retail market in 2010 Â  (Euromonitor, 2010) Tesco have cut down on climate change. The year-on year greenhouse emission is 7. 8% 2010,and 7. 7% 2011. Weakness: The main operations of the company are focused on the UK retail sector, it was more than 75% of its revenue during the fiscal year 2009 (Tesco, 2010). This is a weakness because of lack of geographic diversification, it will lead to systemic risks of the UK market. According to Mintel (2010), a number of products were recalled by Tesco in 2009 that has resulted in a financial loss, it also damaged its brand image. . Tesco has heavy competition and has done well compared with Asda. However, due to the current recession. price becomes more and more important to attract consumers. A large number of consumers are switching to hard discounters, such as Lidl and Aldi. Tesco has launched a ‘Discount Brands’ promotion which offers prices similar to hard discounters (Mintel, 2009) Over 80% of European salesare made by UK, if pound weakens against the Euro. Tesco’s European market share will be impacted negatively. The recession is one of Tesco’s main weaknesses as with most businesses in the UK (Mintel,2009). To some extent online shopping is a weakness for Tesco. it is difficult to browse and find products. It is a long and boring task. Opportunities: Analysing Tescos opportunities in the current environment look very promising as Tesco can explore more different and new markets. The number of store is increasing. They opened over 620 new stores in 2009 of which 435 were international (Mintel, 2010). This will help the companyto get economy of scale. Tesco. com is increasingly more popular. Making up over 1 million customers in 2010 (Guardian, 2010), whichcan help the company to attract new customers and reduce the average cost. Global expansion can be evidenced by the entry into the Indian market. This entry strengthened its global market position. A limited franchise agreement has been signed by the largest industrial corporations of India. (Daily Mail, 2010). Tesco has a very well know band image thatis good to Tesco , showing potential growth opportunities is indicated that they are trying to be more awared in Central Europe. Threats: The biggest threats Tesco faced was the recession, because the public will worry more about their money,e. g. how they spend it. This is also why Aldi and Lidl have significant growth over the past year as more customers try to save money by buying at cheaper supermarkets. Another threat is its competitors are using lowest prices to try to attract customers. price is replacing convenience as the key element. In January 2009 Tesco announced growth sales of just 2. 5% which is their lowest among all other major competitors. his may be due to Tesco’s attempt to repel Aldi and Lidl by offering more discount brands. The decline in income and the rise in unemployment have affected the buying behaviour of consumers which has adve rsely impacted the company’s sales. There has been fierce competition in the UK grocery market . Tesco though has been leading this sector for 15 years (Mintel, 2010), but is now faced with intense competition from its competitors which are gaining in market share. including the rest,i. e. , Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons respectively. Another possible threat to Tesco is government intervention, in recent years the government may monitor the operations of large supermarkets. So that they can ensure what’s going on is legal and to stop any individual firm becoming too powerful. PESTEL analysis: PESTEL framework below analyses the dynamic and unpredictable environment in which Tesco operates and how Tesco deal with it. It helps to identify the impact on Tesco’s performance. Political: There is a free trading policy setting by governments to benefit from globalization,especially in Europe. Also, here is the immersion of countries in the European Union (EU ). It promotes trade between countries in different area. This provided Tesco with a platform to expand its retail network across the EU. Because that Tesco has numbers of stores globally, Tescos performance will be influenced by the political and legislation of these countries, including the European Union. According to relevant regulations,Tesco employs lots of student, disabled and elderly people , paying them lower rates. Because of high staff turnover in industry, these employees offer a higher level of loyalty, so they will not abandon their jobs at their pleases. Economical: Tesco plc will pay more attention to this factor, because it will influence demand, costs, prices and profits. High unemployment rate is an important element of economic factor,, which will adversely affect the good demand, therefore it can reduce the productivity of the manufacture. Usually, economic factors are outside the control of the company, but it has a profound impact on performance and the marketing mix. Although international business is still growing, Tesco plc is still highly dependent on the UK market. Therefore,Tesco would be badly affected by any slowdown in the UK food market,so Tesco still need to focus more on UK industry. Another point is that the customers will eat out less and eat more at home which will enable grocery retailers like Tesco to increase their output (Guardian, 2010). It must be noted that food is the last thing that customers will cut back on. The percentage of spending on food has increased over the years, as shown below (Euromonitor, 2010): Soacial: This will focus on the analysis of the UK population, the old population is discouraging food retailers as older people always eat less. Another point need to notice is ageing population would not find online shopping more convenient. All of these will discourage the retailer industry. Customers’ attitude towards food is changing as they have become more health- conscious. More and more people are demanding organic food,reflecting the change in demand. , Tesco has also allow customers to pay in cheques and cash at the checkout first. British customers are moving towards ‘one-stop and ‘bulk shopping, which is due to a variety of social changes . e. g. Tesco have increased kinds of non-food items available for sale. Technological: Technology is a major macro-environmental factor, It influences the development of Tesco products. Technologies can benefit both customers and the company. On one hand, customer satisfaction rises because,it will be more convenient to customers. Tesco stores use the following technologies: Wireless devices Electronic shelf labelline Self check-out machine Mobile technology performed as a platform for distribution within food retailing. Customers can browse and order the goods they require before they buy them. Loyalty programs are being introduced through information technology which discourage customers from switching over to their competitors (Sun, 2009). Online shopping has gained significant popularity due to the increased access to internet in UK. Environmental Environmentally friendly, the government is promoting reducing the packing. Office for National Statistics (2010), the percentage of consumers using reusable bags has risen from 71% to 74% and the number of those trying to cut down the number of plastic bags has risen from 65% to 68%. This helps to reduce the overall cost and it is good for Tesco to maintain corporate social responsibility image. Consumers reusing bags, recycling mobile phones and aluminium cans and preferring bagless deliveries are being rewarded through Tesco’s green Clubcard points (Tesco, 2009; Datamonitor, 2010). That is an important and advocate step in industry. Legislative Factors The performance of Tesco can be influenced by various legislations and laws of the operating country. The presence of competitors with established brands creates a threat, e. g. price wars and product differentiation.

Implications Occupational Rapists Aotearoa â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Implications Occupational Rapists Aotearoa? Answer: Introducation Clinical governance may be defined as the comprehensive as well as new and powerful mechanism that ensures high standard of clinical care which needs to be followed throughput NHS. It also focuses on the continuous improvement of the service for better service delivery for the patients. Some of the elements which when followed by the healthcare professionals bring out positive result in patient care are teamwork, ownership, proper resource effectiveness, better patient care, proper learning effectiveness as well as leadership (Gauls and Horsburgh, 2014). There are five important elements of the clinical governance which when achieved properly will lead to safe, culturally competent practice that will result in better patient satisfaction. These are openness, clinical effectiveness, training and education, research and development. clinical audits and risk managements (Prenestini et al., 2015). Clinical governance framework in healthcare New Zealand Openness and transparency Openness in the discussions about healthcare, its issues, positive as well as negative aspects by both healthcare professionals, government as well as normal citizens is necessary to provide a transparency to the entire clinical governance framework. Stalwarts are of the opinion that processes which are wide open for the benefit of public scrutiny is essential. However care should be taken that it does not breach ethical concerns and therefore it should respect confidentiality of individual patients as well as the professionals. Each and every matter regarding healthcare should be discussed openly which is indeed an important part of the quality assurance. Clinical effectiveness Clinical effectiveness may be defined as the measure of the limit to which a particular intervention is found to be useful. The effectiveness of the intervention needs to be measured by not only the efficiency that the intervention accompanies or the amount of safety it ensures. It also covers the importance of using interventions whose positive aspects are proved through randomized trials (Smith et al., 2014). Development of proper guidelines and protocols based on different evidence based practices has become the main foundations of clinical governance and therefore help in guiding the professional in correct way. Clinical effectiveness also depend on the continuity of care, holistic care depending on the patients needs as well as a sensitive care based on the personal preferences of the patients needs. Education and training Each and every healthcare professionals should be well acquainted with the modern practice, modern technologies used in healthcare in the different medical innovations going on. Often the training provided the professional before they join their profession gets outdated as medical science is always on a roll and come up with more beneficial prospects every time. Therefore, professionals should try their best to participate in continuous professional development so that they can learn modern skill, enhance their knowledge, and develop understanding of recent modern technologies and others. All thee will ensure a better acre for patient with higher patient satisfaction. Funding of the training sessions have been an issue in the healthcare centers but different funding systems has been initiated which ensures that all the professionals get scope for development. Research and development Continuous research and development are extremely important in clinical governance as they help in ensuring the safety of application of different interventions and practices. The time taken between the establishment of the effectiveness of certain interventions and then applying to medical practice should be reduced so that better care can be delivered and morbidity level can be decreased (Galletly et al., 2016). For the promotion of implementation of the research evidence in the healthcare setting, different tools which are useful are critical appraisal of literatures form famous journals, project management, and also the development of protocols and guidelines and other implementation strategies. Risk management Providing healthcare is a risky profession and therefore all the important stakeholders should be properly aware and educated so that the risk can be avoided. If the patients comply with the different statutory regulations, they can avoid risk. They should make themselves educated about their health issues so that they can maintain their symptom effectively. The practitioners can avoid risks of infections by immunizing the properly and developing a safe environment. They should also provide interventions which are up to date and follow cultural competence o that they may be safe form legal and ethical concerns. Besides reducing risks for patients and professionals, the organization should also reduce the risk on them by ensuring proper high quality employment and well designed policies on public involvement. Clinical audits Clinical audits may be defined as the evaluation method which mainly acts by reviewing the clinical performance of the professionals and thereby nursing such professional according to a given standards to find scope of betterments (Weller, Boyd Cumin, 2014). These are usually conducted by eminent and experienced professionals and researchers who tend to bring out either a qualitative or quantitative analysis of the performance, scope of betterments, requirement of individual training and other, these ensures a safe environment in the healthcare and identifies the necessities in development of skill and knowledge of the professionals of mark the changes needed by the organization. Clinical governance structure in healthcare New Zealand: Governance in healthcare services in New Zealand is multifaceted. They are mainly based on the four important pillars that build the structure of the entire systems in the nation. These are accountability, transparency, probity as well as fiduciary duty. These are mainly operationalised with the help of another four components. These are professional maturity which means the ability of an individual to be accountable for his or she owns decisions making in governance. It is basically a dimension of decision making based on professional experience life experience, education as well as technical skills. The next important components of the structure is maintaining the quality and safety of the different healthcare centers by proper funding of the government, proper allocation of the resources and ensuring allocation of competent and responsible professionals (Galletly et al., 2016). Quality and safety are guided by proper guidelines, rules, audit, professional thesis, morality of clini cian and institutional memory. The third is the balanced level of power and tensions between the stakeholders with robust debate, recognition of others competence, transparency in organizations and confidence boosting. The balance can be maintained by economic rationality, ideologies, cultural power, conflict of interest and profession hood Clinical governance principles in healthcare New Zealand: A harmonious relationship should be present among all the stakeholders, patient-professionals, intra-professionals, and also of the stakeholders within the organization. This can be done through respecting each others suggestions, decisions, emotions and properly communicating issues and congratulating others achievements. A Culture of trust between all ensures safety in workplace with proper mental satisfaction which keeps everyone happy and content. commitment to continuous development All the professionals should be responsible as well as accountable for their own performance. When coming into the profession, they should make up the mind that they are serving human and they should provide compassion, empathy and dedication to make their best to serve human kind (Orton Hocking, 2017). They should therefore take continuous professional development to develop their knowledge and skills with evidence based practices and attending training courses so that they can provide the best care to patients which are modern. Rigorous systems of response to incidence Every healthcare professional should respond to different incidences occurring in the organization starting form patient complaints, nursing issues, conflicts of power, work pressure issues and others. When the issues will be properly handled by responsible stakeholders, it will automatically lead to smooth flow of work in the healthcare (Smith, Latter Blenkinsopp, 2014). key organizational and clinical performance indicators Some of the abovementioned indicators are clinical effectiveness and safety measurement of interventions, efficiency of services provided by individuals, staff orientation and staff safety, responsive governance and environmental safety as well as patient centeredness (Hastings et al., 2014). Clinical management (Safety and quality) Clinical management in safety and maintenance of healthcare centers may be defined as the comprehensive management conducted by the stakeholders of the organizations by conducting duties and responsibilities that associate with the smooth uninterrupted flow of service delivery to the patient and at the same time ensure that care provided in high on quality and dedication (Currie et al., 2017). This may include proper allocation of nurse patient ratio, proper allocation of resources, proper management of conflicts and power, caring for the health of the professionals, management of skills of the professional, ensuring the conductance of proper training classes, taking of survey at intervals and many others. When all these are properly managed, it leads to safe and quality care of patients (Kwedza et al., 2017). Clinical management framework Clinical management framework mainly depends on five important factors that ensures proper quality is maintained or not in the organization. These are organizational leadership as well as strong management systems for the maintenance of culture of safety (Gauld Horsburgh, 2015). More importance would be given to quality improvement. Employers and managers should also involve in workforce development where the workers will not only be physically and mentally fit but are also happy and emotionally stable. Such workers produce higher productivity. The managers should also look over the consumers concerns. Their care and complaints and also provide strategies for community management. Clinical management structure A clinical management structure mainly works on four important foundations. These are managers first depicting what changes they need to take for clinical management and what goals they want to finalize. The second foundation mainly involves the taking of initiatives which put things in place as planned so that proper changes can be brought out to meet goals (Hastings et al., 2014). The third is the checking of the results that wherever the results brought out successful results or not. And the four foundations would be to implement the planned the goal or engage in the system which would ultimately lead to successful clinical management of the safety and quality practices of the system (Gauld Horsburg, 2014). Clinical management principles. Developing strategic directions and priorities for proper communication development among the stakeholders is an important principle. Besides, proper planned way of management, resource allocation, maintenance of a positive culture, complying with the legislative requirements; following of proper organizational cultures are some other principles (Prenestini et al., 2015). 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